The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing penalty victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.